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Objective To establish a safe and effective method of rhesus monkey biopsy to take liver and kidney samples under B-mode ultrasound guidance. Methods A total of 4 adult monkeys(weight:8-12 kg; sex: male; age:11 -12 years old)were anaesthetized with 5 -10 mg/kg of ketamine hydrochloride for each through intramuscular injection. After successful anesthesia, abdominal shaving and iodophor disinfection, they were monitored from intercostal area of right upper quadrant or lateral waist subcostal abdomen portions to find liver or kidney organ by MyLab 30CV B-mode ultrasonography with 3.5 Hz transducer which was fixed with a guiding frame. Large vessels such as the portal vein and inferior vena cava were carefully avoided. The range of the biopsy gun was set to 15 mm. When the puncture target and the puncture needle were positioned in the guide line, the puncture target was perpendicular to the puncture needle, and then the trigger button of the puncture needle was pressed to obtain the liver or kidney tissue samples respectively. After puncture,the needle was pulled out quickly. The obtained liver and kidney tissues were used to extract RNA. Results About 13 mg of liver or kidney tissue was obtained by each puncture with volume convertion. This method was fast,reliable and safe,and the total RNA had high purity and integrity. There was no postoperative bleeding and infection. Conclusions This is a very important method for obtaining liver and kidney tissue samples of rhesus monkeys with the guidance of ultrasound. With this method, the research cost can be reduced, the life quality and animal welfare of laboratory non-human primates can be improved,and the accuracy of experimental result can be ensured.
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Objective To investigate the effect of B-guided brachial plexus block anesthesia on postoperative cognitive function and serum neurotrophic factor (NGF) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) levels in children with ulnar and radius fractures.Methods From February 2014 to January 2017,we selected 78 children with ulnar radius fractures in our hospital randomly and divided them into observation group and control group,each group 39 cases.The control group was given brachial plexus block anesthesia under the position of nerve stimulation,and the observation group was subjected to B-guided brachial plexus block anesthesia.Anesthesia-related indicators,anesthetic effects and complications were observed and analyzed between the two groups,and hemodynamics parameters of brachial plexus block after 0.5h,cognitive function and serum NGF and TGF-β levels before and after operation were compared.Results Compared with the control group,anesthesia onset,recovery room stay time in the observation group were shorter and the duration of analgesia was longer (P ＜ 0.05).The excellent and good rate of anesthesia in the observation group 97.44％ (38/39) was higher than that in the control group (76.92％,30/39).The incidence of complications in the observation group 5.12％ (2/39) was much lower than that of the control group (23.08％,9/39,P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in systolic peak velocity between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with the control group,the end of the diastolic velocity and blood flow of brachial plexus block after 0.5h were higher,resistance and pulsatility index were lower (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in preoperative cognitive function,serum NGF and TGF-β levels between the two groups before operation (P ＞ 0.05).After operation,compared with the control group,the cognitive function,serum NGF and TGF-β levels were higher in the observation group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Anesthesia effect of B-guided brachial plexus block anesthesia is significant in children with ulnar radius fractures.The incidence of complications is low,which can significantly improve the ulnar arterial hemodynamics,significantly increased serum NGF,TGF-β levels,contribute to postoperative fracture healing,and will not affect the cognitive function of children after surgery.
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Objective To investigate the effects of hysteroscopic resection for mild-to-moderate uterine incision diverticulum after cesarean section.Methods From September 2010 to September 2014, hysteroscopic resection was performed under B-ultrasonography in 102 cases of mild-to-moderate uterine incision diverticulum after cesarean section.Results The operation was completed successfully in all the cases, without surgical complications.Outcome evaluation at 1 year after surgery showed cured in 89 cases (87.3%, complete disappearance of symptoms and recovery of normal menstruation), improved in 7 cases (6.9%, menstrual period shortened by 5-7 d, with or without lower abdominal dull pain and menstrual exacerbation), and ineffective in 6 cases (5.9%, no or slight symptom improvement).Conclusion Hysteroscopic resection is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive method for mild-to-moderate uterine incision diverticulum after cesarean section in patients demanding clinical symptom improvement without desire of fertility.
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Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of hysteroscopy combined with B -ultrasonography for uterine incision diverticulum after secondary cesarean section . Methods From May 2012 to May 2013, hysteroscopy check was performed in 38 cases with a history of two times of caesarean sections . The hysteroscopic results and ultrasound images were analyzed retrospectively . Results Incision diverticulum was diagnosed in 34 cases by using diagnostic hysteroscopy combined with B-ultrasonography, with a diagnosis rate of 89.5%(34/38).There were 18 cases of mild diverticulum (47.4%), 16 cases of severe diverticulum (42.1%), and 4 cases of good healing (10.5%).Of the 16 cases of severe diverticulum , the distance from top to serosal surface was 1.6-6.0 mm, and the width was 3-17 mm.Preoperative transvaginal ultrasonography ( TVS) showed only 10 cases of uterine incision diverticulum in patients with severe diverticulum , providing a diagnosis rate of 26.3% (10/38).Compared TVS with hysteroscopy combined with B-ultrasonography , there was a significant difference (χ2 =31.091, P=0.000) in the diagnosis rate for uterine incision diverticulum . Conclusion Hysteroscopy combined with B-ultrasonography has a high diagnosis rate for the diagnosis of uterine incision diverticulum in patients with two times of cesarean sections , being worthy of clinical application as a minimally invasive examination method after cesarean sections .
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Objective:To investigate the value of B ultrasonography in the early diagnosis of transient synovitis of hip (TSH) in dogs, and provide the valid base and data for the clinic early diagnosis of TSH. Methods:Eighty 2-3 month old dogs were injected 2‰noradrenalin (NA) into the hip joint induced TSH. We observed 5 assessments that included the 99mTC-MDP triphasic imaging, X ray, B ultrasonography, the synovial lfuid and the pathological tissue check in different time. Results:Early course of TSH presented the synovium of joint hemangiectasis, hyperaemia, synovium villus hyperplasia, edema, and joint inflammatory exudation. The ischemia of local blood supply of the femoral head was observed by 99mTC-MDP triphasic imaging. Ultrasonography showed the broadening of the anterior space of the hip, but the X ray showed no valid changes.Conclusion:B ultrasonography can report the early changes of TSH and may be used in the early diagnosis of TSH in children.
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Background Expulsive choroidal haemorrhage is a severe complication during the intraocular operation.To create a feasible animal model of expulsive choroidal haemorrhage is very important for the study of its nature disease course and therefore prevention and treatment.Objecfive Present study was to modify the method of establishing acute choroidal haemorrhage animal model and explore the risk factor and pathogenesis mechanism.Methods The suprachoroidal explusive haemorrhage animal models were created by modifying the Zauberman method to ligate 2-4 vortex veins and rapidly intravenous injection of 250 ml normal solution to elevate the intraocular pressure(IOP),and then low the IOP by opening the anterior chamber via limbal incision.The bleeding of choroid and detachment of retina were examined by B-type ultrasound immediately,1,2 and 4 weeks after operation to assess the disease alteration with lapse of time.The samples of eyeballs were prepared in mentioned above time points for the histopathologieal evaluation of retina tissue.Results The animal models of suprachoroidal explusive haemorrhage were established bv this modified method with the successful rate 100％,and the manifestation resembled a clinical disease course.The shape,range and location of choroidal bleeding and retinal detachment were determined,and the diagnosis and change of suprachoroidal explusive haemorrhage with time were clarified using B-uhrasonography.The histopathological change revealed the breaking of Brueh's membrane and retinal pigmentary layer.It was verified that the dominant pathological change of retina was retinal destroy in 1 week after operation,and in 4 weeks after operation,the main pathological mechanism was proliferation of fibroblasts and collagen fiber. Conclusion The consequence procedure of modified Zauberman method,quickly intravenous injection of normal solution and puncture of the anterior chamber can create an ideal animal model of suprachoroidal explusive haemorrhage.The rapid IOP descent is a main risk factor of supraehoroidal explusive haemorrhage.The results of supraehoroidal explusive haemorrhage is severe destroy of retina and ehoroid.This study implies that supraehoroidal explusive haemorrhage is likely to be prevented and treated in the early stage.
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Objective To study the clincial effects of of single Sialic four hexose sodium injection ganglio-side (GM1) in treating periventricular leukomalacia of premature infants. Methods 41 cases of periventricular ]eukomalacia patients were divided into GMI treatment group (n=22) and control group (n=19). The treatment group were given another GM1 treatment. Dynamic observation of changes in B-head information was conducted. Re-stilts 6 months after birth, 8 cases(36.4%) in treatment group and 13cases (68.4%)in control group occurred with ventricular dilatation (χ28.85, P<0.05). Nervous system examination revealed there were 5 cases (22.7%) in treatment group and 10 cases (52.6%) in control group with limited performance of the Board of mus-cle tone and abnormal movements (χ2 3.93, P<0.05); 4 cases in treatment group (18.2%) and 9 cases (47.4%) of control group had mild cognitive impairment and mental retardation according to nervous system sequel-ae(χ24.01,P<0.05). Conclusion GM1 can effectively treat periventricular leukomalacia and reduce abnormal movements.
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Objective To discuss the correlation between residual urine volume after catheterization and body positions for patients with spinal cord injury using B-ultrasonography. Methods 34 patients with spinal cord injury were randomly selected, the residual urine volume in urinary bladder was detected with bed-side B-ultrasonography under different body positions such as supine position, lateral position and fowler position, the results underwent variance analysis. Results No significant difference was seen in residual urine volume in urinary bladder under different body positions. Conclusions Body positions play no significant influence on residual urine volume in urinary bladder after catheterization.
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Objective To study on comparison of different age group patients with acute abdomen who received laboratory check-ups.Methods 126 patients with acute abdomen were divided into 0.05).2.Of 126 patients,65 cases(51.6%)received abdominal B ultrasonography check-up,among which 41 cases(44.1%)were in
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Totally digitalized B-ultrasonography is the tendency of the development of ultrasonic medical instruments. Its basic technical characteristic is realizing real-time processing of the extremely huge ultrasonic data with digital electric circuit. This paper summarized the tendency of development and the primary techniques of signal processing, which including dynamic filtering, log amplification, envelope detection and secondary sampling. Furthermore, various techniques in different procedure of signal processing are introduced in detail.
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Objective To compare clinical effects among three techniques of multifetal pregnancy reduction(MFPR) guided by transvaginal ultrasonography through vaginal approach.Methods Under the guidance of transvaginal B-ultrasonography,99 cases of multiple pregnancy following assisted reproductive technique underwent three different methods of embryo reduction: drug injection directly to the pregnancy sac(Drug Group),simple embryonic bud aspiration(Aspiration Group),and combined use of drug and aspiration(Combination Group).Results The gestational age at the procedure ranged 41~88 days(mean,58.9?8.7 days).The success rate of the procedure on one session was 100%(99/99).Short-term outcomes included 3 cases of abortion(3.0%).On continuing follow-up observations in 73 cases,the incidences of abortion and premature delivery were 11%(8/73) and 12%((9/73)),respectively.No statistical differences were seen among the three groups in rates of abortion,premature delivery,and full-term delivery(?~2=1.131,P=0.889).In the Aspiration Group,however,the exposure time to B-ultrasound and the operative time were significantly shorter than those in the other two groups.The gestational age at the procedure was 61.7?8.2 days in the Drug Group,48.8?2.7 days in the Aspiration Group,and 56.7?7.2 days in the Combination Group,respectively,with significant differences between the Aspiration Group and other two groups(F=19.36,P=0.000).The number of embryos reduced was associated with pregnancy outcomes: the abortion rate was remarkably higher in patients receiving the reduction of more than two embryos than only one embryo(?~2=6.415,P=0.040).Conclusions Ultrasound-guided multifetal pregnancy reduction is a safe,effective and microinvasive procedure.It is recommended that simple embryonic bud aspiration be used for multifetal pregnancy before 7 gestational weeks,combined use of drug injection and aspiration for multifetal pregnancy at 7~9 gestational weeks,and drug injection to the pregnancy sac for multifetal pregnancy after 9 weeks.
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4 mm)in the kidney,and were then treated by ESWL combined with oral dissolution agents.The cure rate of this series was 97.7%(86/87).The patients were discharged from the hospital 4 to 16 days(mean,6.3 days)after the treatment.One patient developed massive hemorrhage and was then cured by selective embolization of the small renal vessels.86 patients were followed up for 3 to 18 months(mean,6.3 months),none of them had residual stones during this period.The symptoms of hydronephrosis was improved in all of the cases.Conclusions B-ultrasonography guided MPCNL with holmium:YAG laser is convenient,safe,and effective for upper urinary tract stone.
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Objective To investigate the indications and clinical values of percutaneous transthoracic biopsy guided by different locating means respectively on pulmonary lesions. Methods Patients were divided into different groups according the locating methods,which included X -ray, type -B ultrasonography, and CT. Pathologic diagnosis and complications were retrospectively analysed between groups. Conclusion Each locating method has its own advantages and disadvantages. Results we should choose the optimistic one according the patients′ condition.
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Objective To investigate the causes of misdiagnosis of B-ultrasonography in thyroid nodule and the function of B-ultrasonography in diagnosis in thyroid nodule.Methods 307 patients with thyroid nodule were analysis between the diagnosis of B-ultrasonography and pathology.Results The diagnosis of B-ultrasonography was different from the diagnosis of pathology in thyroid nodule. If the thyroid nodule found by B-ultrasonography was multiple, it was nodular goiter; If the thyroid nodule found by B-ultrasonography was single, the ratio of nodular goiter and thyroid adenoma was 3∶2.Conclusions Clinical physician did not grant the diagnosis of B-ultrasonagraphy as clinical diagnosis. Most of multiple thyroid nodules were nodular goiter, single mass may be nodular goiter or thyroid adenoma. When the diagnosis of B-ultrasonagraphy was thyroid occupation, it may be malignant thyroid neoplasm.
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Objective To evaluate the value of ultrasound-guided catheterization in the treatment of traumatic pericardial tamponade. Methods Nine patients with traumatic pericardial tamponade underwent ultrasound-guided catheterization from March 1998 to September 2003. After the drawing-off of fluid, the catheter was remained in the pericardium to drain the blood. Results The catheterization and drainage gave marked relief from symptoms. Surgical repairs of heart were performed in 4 patients within 4～ 8 h following drainage. Selective operations were required in 2 patients after the improvement of their conditions. Two patients were cured by drainage and 1 patient died of severe brain trauma. Conclusions The technique may produce prompt relief from symptoms of traumatic pericardial tamponade, being a safe and reliable procedure. It may create favorable conditions for further surgical repair or even freedom from operations.
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Objective To investigate the value of intraoperative choledochofiberscopy and B-ultrasonography for intrahepatic bile duct calculus. Methods After bile duct stone removal by routine instruments, choledochofiberscopy and B-ultrasonography were conducted for detecting and removing the residual cholelith in intrahepatic bile ducts. Results The incidence of residual cholelith was 29.8% (14 of 47) after stone removal by routine instruments, and it declined to 10.6% (5 of 47) ( ? 2=5.267, P
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Objective To improve recognition and diagnosis of primary non-obstructive megaureter.Methods The authors analyzed the X-ray findings of intravenous urography and B-ultrasonographic manifestations of 28 cases with primary non-obstructive megaureter proved by varied examinations and operations.Results The X-ray and B-ultrasonographic manifestations as follows:in the terminal ureter,there was a short segment,less than 3 cm in length,with normal caliber but adynamic to micturition and the ureter proximal to the adynamic segment was secondarily dilated remarkably.The terminal end of the dilated ureter appeared as drumstick shaped,spindle-shaped,snakehead shaped or rattail shaped.On right time fluoroscopy and B-ultrasonographic observation,a decrease of peristalsis frequency,increase of peristalsis range,interrupted downward convey of peristalsis wave could be noted.Conclusion The contrast urography is the main method,B-ultrasonography and cyctocopy are helpful for the diagnosis of primary non-obstructive megaureter.
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Objective To analysis the outcome of gastroscopy and B ultrasonography in patients of post hepatitis cirrhosis with portal hypertension, and to evaluate the degree of cirrhosis in clinic and affording suggestions in preventing complication. Methods One hundred and ninety two cirrhosis patients with portal hypertension were divided into three groups : mild, moderate and severe group based on the extent of esophageal varicosis. By estimating the diameter of portal vein, thickness of spleen and width of splenic vein in three groups to investigate their correlation with the extent of cardio-esophageal varicosis. Results The incidences of gastric varices in these three groups have prominent difference,The severer the degree of esophageal varices , the higher the incidence of gastric varices. According to the different degree of esophageal varices, the diameter of portal vein,thickness of spleen,diameter of splenic vein are differed. There is linear relation between thickness of spleen and diameter of splenic vein. Conclusion Diameter of portal and splenic vein, thickness of spleen,can provide valuable suggestion in predicting the presence of portal hypertension,but further confirmation is based on the result of gastroendoscopy.
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL)guided by ultrasonography for calculi within horseshoe kidneys.Methods From September 2005 to January 2008,44 patients with calculi within horseshoe kidneys(51 sides)underwent ultrasonography-guided F24-tract PCNL in our hospital.Among the cases,single calculus was found in 24 kidneys,multiple calculi were detected in 18,and staghorn calculi in 9.The stones sized(24.4?5.8)mm in length.Results All the operations were completed in one session,single tract was established in 49 kidneys,while double tracts were used in the other 2;31 of the tracts were made through the upper calyx,20 via the middle calyx,and 2 through the lower calyx.The mean operation time was(48.4?11.9)min.The stone-free rate after one-session operation was 88.2%(45/51),3 cases received a second-session PCNL to remove the residual calculi.After the operation,the hemoglobin decreased by(11.3?3.7)% in the patients,none of them received blood transfusion.Postoperative rate of surgery-related infection was 5.9%(3/51).No pleural or abdominal injury occurred.44 patients were followed up for 11.4 months,during the period one of the 3 patients who received the second-session surgery achieved stone-free.The rate of recurrence at 6 months was 2.0%(1/51),and 6.5% at 1 year(3/46).Conclusions Ultrasonography-guided standard PCNL is effective and safe for calculi within horseshoe kidneys.
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@#Objective: To study the effects of mm. abdominis exercise on lumbar spinal stenosis. Methods: 9 patients with lumbar spinal stenosis were treated with mm. abdominis exercises. The static and dynamic strength indexes, the sagittal diameter of canales spinalis tested by ultrasonography were observed and compared before and after treatment. Results: The effect of 3 patients was excellent, 5 good and 1 bad, and the strengths of mm. abdominis increased after treatment. The sagittal diameter of canales spinalis were 8.72±0.44mm and 10.78±0.44mm respectively before and after treatment. The difference was significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: It is suggested that mm. abdominis exercise is an effective technique in management of lumgar spinal stenosis.